The Two Signs of Kidney Stone

A kidney stone, also known as a renal calculus (from the Latin ren, "kidney" and calculus, "pebble") is a solid concretion or crystal aggregation formed in the kidneys from dietary minerals in the urine. Urinary stones are typically classified by their location in the kidney (nephrolithiasis), ureter (ureterolithiasis), or bladder (cystolithiasis), or by their chemical composition (calcium-containing, struvite, uric acid, or other compounds). Kidney stones are a significant source of morbidity. 80% of those with kidney stones are men. Men most commonly experience their first episode between age 30–40 years, while for women the age at first presentation is somewhat later.

Kidney stones typically leave the body by passage in the urine stream, and many stones are formed and passed without causing symptoms. If stones grow to sufficient size (usually at least 3 millimeters (0.12 in)) they can cause obstruction of the ureter. Ureteral obstruction causes postrenal azotemia and hydronephrosis (distension and dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces), as well as spasm of the ureter. This leads to pain, most commonly felt in the flank (the area between the ribs and hip), lower abdomen and groin (a condition called renal colic). Renal colic can be associated with nausea, vomiting, fever, blood in the urine, pus in the urine, and painful urination. Renal colic typically comes in waves lasting 20 – 60 minutes, beginning in the flank or lower back and often radiating to the groin or genitals. The diagnosis of kidney stones is made on the basis of information obtained from the history, physical examination, urinalysis, and radiographic studies. Ultrasound examination and blood tests may also aid in the diagnosis.

The Two Signs of Kidney Stone

The first sign that you have developed kidney stones will be extreme pain. This occurs when a stone blocks the flow of urine. You will feel a cramping or sharp pain in the kidney area. You may also suffer from vomiting, nausea and pain in the groin area. You may feel the need to urinate more often and a burning sensation may occur when you do.

As the kidney stones move or grow larger, blood may appear in the urine. If you suffer from chills and fever along with the aforementioned symptoms, this is a sign of an infection and a doctor should be called. The doctor will take an x-ray or sonogram. He may also take a computed tomography scan of the urinary system. These tests will help the doctor make a proper diagnosis.

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